Probiotics are a class of active microorganisms used to improve the balance of the host’s intestinal microflora. Its health effects were first proposed by the Russian scientist Mctchn ikoff. So far, people have found that probiotics have important physiological effects such as improving the structure of the intestinal flora, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, eliminating carcinogenic factors, improving the body’s immunity, and lowering cholesterol. The close relationship between probiotics and human health makes it widely used as a biological additive in food and exerts important biological effects. Foods added with probiotics can improve digestive function and promote gastrointestinal motility, especially for preventing gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhea and indigestion in infants and the elderly.
With the deepening of research, the definition of probiotics is https://www.redhatsafety.com/ constantly changing. In 1965, Lilly proposed: “Probiotics are beneficial promoters or microorganisms that are beneficial to the balance of the intestinal flora of raised animals.” In 1991, Fuller added the definition of probiotics: “Probiotics are living microorganisms that contain physiologically active substances that can pass through the gastrointestinal or colon or multiply in the intestine, adjust the intestinal flora, and improve the body’s immunity.”
Later, it was discovered that the cell components or metabolites of dead bacteria also have the same physiological functions as live bacteria. In 1996, Arameo pointed out: “Probiotics contain physiologically active bacteria or dead cells (including metabolites and cell components), which can be improved after ingestion. The balance of microbial flora or enzymes on the mucosal surface, or a microbial agent that stimulates the body’s specific or non-specific immunity.” Therefore, in a broad sense, probiotics can be a single strain, multiple strains or even their fermentation products. That is, probiotics are a type of microeco logics that are beneficial to the human body. It is generally believed that bacteria as probiotics should have the following conditions: beneficial to the host, non-toxic and non-pathogenic, can survive in the digestive tract, can adapt to gastric acid and bile, and can produce useful enzymes and metabolites.